Category: GFS

Jan 15

Reviewing The Snowy Details…

After a brief thaw, winter’s set to return with authority in the days and weeks ahead.  In fact, the overall long range weather pattern looks colder and snowier than average into early February, at least.

A current look at the National Radar shows the next clipper system taking shape to our northwest this evening.

usa_None_anim

A dive into the latest model data continues to highlight two distinct opportunities for accumulating snowfall in the days ahead.  The first comes Thursday into Friday while the second (potentially more robust) snow maker arrives Saturday afternoon and evening.  By the way, my hat’s off to the GFS for jumping on Saturday’s system well in advance of the other modeling.  Sometimes it’s easy to hammer the GFS, but it should be pointed out during the model’s shining moments, as well.

Back to the near-term… We think widespread snow overspreads central Indiana Thursday morning and continues through the majority of the day and on into Friday in varied intensity.  By the time all is said and done, 2-4″ of new snowfall will be likely across central Indiana, with some locally higher amounts possible.

Here’s a look at the latest HRRR simulated radar valid 10am Thursday. Some moderate to briefly heavy snow is possible late morning into the afternoon.

hrrr_ref_indy_16

Of interest, we note forecast models carrying a vigorous upper level disturbance across the state Thursday night/early Friday and this will help carry accumulating snow into Friday for some.

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We’ll note an intrusion of briefly drier air Friday afternoon into Saturday morning, but by this time all eyes will be focused on the next clipper system that promises to keep snow shovels and plows busy for parts of Indiana into the weekend.  We think snow overspreads the region from northwest to southeast Saturday afternoon and evening.  Steadiest snow falls Saturday night and could accumulate to the tune of a few inches by daybreak Sunday within the axis of best moisture.  Just to the north of the clipper’s track will be where you find the highest snow totals with Saturday’s system and the precise track of this clipper will be tough to iron out with any sort of certainty until Friday evening.  Stay tuned.  By the way, the snowy and cold events keep on keepin’ on in the longer range…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2014/01/15/reviewing-the-snowy-details/

Jan 13

Cold, Snowy Pattern Reloading…

I sure hope you’ve taken time to get out and enjoy a couple of days of milder air (temperatures have run 10-12 degrees above seasonal levels the past couple days) and even some sunshine.  Given what I see coming down the road, the trend that looks to take a colder turn this week may really go into the tank week two.

Here’s an overview of the latest GFS and ECMWF ensemble data out at Days 8 through 10 (January 21st-23rd).  Both of these, more trusted, mid to long range computer models suggest a cold pattern locks itself into the East once again, and spells for colder than average temperatures and potentially a snowier than normal regime.

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We’ll now dive a little deeper into the forecast model vault, courtesy of the unbelievable Weatherbell Analytics model suite (can’t brag on that company enough).  We’re looking at the Northern Hemisphere Upper Air Pattern, courtesy of the European ensemble control run from this afternoon.

Note the mid week trough set to deliver a return of arctic air into the region.  That’s reinforced with a late week trough and renewed arctic air.  Both cold air masses will be capable of producing light accumulating snow across the area.

Per yesterday’s post, as we get into the early to middle portion of next week, we’ll have to keep a close eye on the potential of the southern and northern branches of the jet stream phasing, which would lead to a significant winter storm across some parts of the eastern half of the country (far too early for specifics or details).

We then note the Polar Vortex recharges itself and threatens to turn the last week to 10 days of January very cold.  How cold is yet to be determined, but I think it’s a safe bet sub-zero temperatures aren’t finished with our area just yet.

Intrusions of very cold arctic air will “pinwheel” around the Polar Vortex and likely lead to a bitterly cold end of January and open to February…

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2014/01/13/cold-snowy-pattern-reloading/

Jan 09

Bet On The Colder Look…

Sometimes in life there are things much more important than the weather and so has been the case the past few days. Moving forward, posts will be a bit erratic,…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2014/01/09/bet-on-the-colder-look/

Jan 02

Rare And Potentially Crippling Winter Storm Brewing…

Fresh on the heels of a significant winter storm that impacted central Indiana Wednesday night-Thursday, we’re eyeing our next winter storm and, quite frankly, it could be a memorable one.

We continue to keep a close eye on the pending winter storm Sunday and remain impressed with what we see.  A severe winter storm is brewing and may require blizzard watches and warnings before all is said and done as a combination of heavy snow, strong winds, and severe blowing and drifting promises to make travel difficult, if not impossible, for some areas Sunday.

Setting the stage:

A powerful arctic boundary will drift south towards Indiana Saturday night and Sunday morning.  As this takes place, low pressure will track off the lee of the Rockies and move east, northeast.  Model data continues to suggest this area of low pressure taps into some Gulf of Mexico moisture and really begins to deepen (strengthen) as it tracks into the central/ eastern Ohio Valley Sunday.  To the northwest of the low’s track, a deep blanket of fresh snow will fall.  As the winter storm departs, the coldest air since 1994 will pour into the region on a gusty northwest wind.  Temperatures will reach record territory, and downright dangerous levels, by Monday and Tuesday.

Last night we mentioned a couple of things going “for” and “against” a major winter storm here in central Indiana.  While there’s no doubt going to be a sharp “cut off” of heavy snow with this storm, this “cut off zone” is most likely well north and west of central Indiana.  Additionally, the impressive thermal gradient between the brutal arctic air mass to the north and the warmer air (relatively speaking) to the south and east will only add fuel to a deepening storm moving northeast into the Ohio Valley.  Finally, with arctic air pouring into the region, the “fluff effect” will be in full-go mode, meaning the northwest flank of the heavy precipitation is likely to have snow ratios of 15:1 as compared to the “normal” 10:1 ratio.  This will be very important to watch as the system develops and will most likely be the spot (far too early to pinpoint at this juncture) where snowfall amounts in excess of one foot will fall.

All of our medium range model data is in agreement on central Indiana receiving quite the blow from Old Man Winter Sunday.  Here’s a look at the latest GFS, European, and Canadian forecast models, valid Sunday afternoon:

GFS1EC1CMC1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As you can see, there’s excellent agreement and this leads to a rather high confidence idea on a high-impact and rather rare severe winter storm set to impact Indiana.  Can we tell you with certainty exactly where the 12″+ band of snow will lie across the state?  Not at this time.  That said, we suggest preparing now for a rare and potentially crippling winter storm Sunday.  The combination of heavy snow, strong winds, historic cold, and severe blowing and drifting will make for an extremely dangerous situation Sunday, continuing into early next week.  Temperatures by Tuesday morning will approach 20 degrees below zero, with wind chill values plummeting to 40-50 degrees below zero Monday into Tuesday…

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2014/01/02/rare-and-potentially-crippling-winter-storm-brewing/

Dec 16

Major Storm Brewing This Weekend, But Details Are Murky…

During the late summer and early autumn months we were trying to look at the big picture and potential drivers in the overall weather pattern for the upcoming winter and openly admitted the challenges that were ahead.  Here we are now into the second half of December and a much colder and snowier-than-average month is a virtual lock at this point.  Furthermore, consider this has all taken place without the presence of a favorable NAO or PNA.  Sometimes you have to look for other drivers in a pattern- in this case, the EPO, as well as a growing early fall snow pack across the border to our north.  Additionally, we made mention of the likelihood of a southeast US ridge periodically making itself known through the winter of ’13-’14.  You can read all of our thoughts posted earlier this fall here, or by clicking the Thoughts On Winter ’13-’14 page above.

As we look ahead towards the upcoming wintry challenge, we’re confident of the overall pattern, but the sensible weather that’ll ensue is still up for great debate.  “Gut” tells me central Indiana will be looking at a rain to freezing rain scenario, but this is far from set in stone, and sometimes forecasters who go simply off their instinct can get burned.  The pattern is one that (once again) will feature a pressing arctic front against resistance from the southeast US ridge.  With this type of scenario, I would advise against looking at each and every individual operational model run, but instead invest time studying the ensembles- an average of several multiple model runs as opposed to just one operational model run.   I can guarantee a variety of wild solutions ahead in the days to come, based off the operational runs. (Heck, just the past 24 hours have been reason enough to have the dramamine on hand :-)).  That said, let’s take a look at the latest GFS and European ensembles, two models that we rely heavily on in the mid range weather pattern.

First, the GFS, valid Saturday through Monday.

f120f144f168

Now, here’s a look at the latest European ensembles (left), again valid Saturday-Monday.

Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_120Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_144 Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_168

So what do all of these cool maps tell us?  Simply put, that “wintry mischief” is brewing for the weekend.  That much we know, but the details have to be ironed out.  It’s likely heavy snow and a significant ice storm looms for some of the Mid West and Ohio Valley for the upcoming weekend.  Is that Indianapolis or Chicago?  Perhaps in between?  It’s too early to know.  Additionally, in the “warmer” sector, heavy rains are likely to combine with an impressive early season snow pack for some to lead to flooding concerns.

A couple of additional items to note. Many times at this stage in the game (still 5+ days out) with this type of pattern, forecast models really struggle with handling low level cold air.  Cold air is very dense and, in this type of set up, can easily drain much further east and south than forecast at this juncture.  Additionally, sometimes the modeling can put too much “umph” into the associated surface wave that moves along the arctic front resulting in a further north track than what may actually occur when the event draws closer.  Just something to keep an eye on as we draw closer…

Needless to say, it’ll be particularly important to keep a close eye on the developing weekend forecast as we move forward.  It’s likely folks in the Ohio Valley region have to deal with significant precipitation amounts in the Saturday-Monday time period, including rain, freezing rain, and snow.

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/12/16/major-storm-brewing-this-weekend-but-details-are-murky/

Dec 10

Snowy Pattern Continues…

Considering we’re only a third of the way through December, we’re certainly running “snowier” than normal at this very early stage in the game.  As we look ahead at the upcoming 10 days, or so, we see this snowier than normal pattern continuing with multiple systems to contend with over the course of the upcoming couple weeks.  Up next will be the threat of some light snow showers and flurries with reinforcing arctic air Wednesday PM.  Nothing significant is anticipated here on Wednesday, accumulation-wise, but snow showers will blow through the area Wednesday afternoon.  The latest high-resolution NAM shows this well.

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Then our attention turns to a developing winter storm for the weekend. We think clouds increase Friday and snow develops Friday night into early Saturday.  Here’s a look at the latest GFS forecast model, valid Friday night.

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Fast forward that to Saturday morning and snow grows heavier…

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The GFS suggests a weak surface low tracks into eastern Ohio with backlash snow showers and embedded squalls continuing here Saturday night into Sunday.

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It’s important to remember that we’re still a few days out from this event and I can guarantee you things will change as we go through the course of the upcoming few days that will require us to do some adjusting to our forecast Friday-Sunday.  That said, at this early stage in the game, unlike with our last storm, I’d favor areas from IND and points north as the place where heavier snow falls this go around.

Latest GFS ensembles suggest something similar to the operational run shown above with one low tracking into the eastern Ohio Valley as another coastal low develops.

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The European ensembles provide an “intriguing” look for an Ohio Valley winter weather event this weekend, as well.

Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_96

 

 

 

 

A couple of additional items to consider at this early juncture- this will be a fast moving winter storm so that will have an impact on snowfall accumulation.  Additionally, there’s also the chance enough warm air aloft advects (WAA or warm air advection) into the southern portions of the region to result in “mixing” issues (i.e. sleet and freezing rain).  In the primarily “snow zone” Friday night-Saturday (again, we’re currently targeting IND and points north for the snow zone) several inches of snow could accumulate.

Here’s an early look at what the latest mid-range forecast models are seeing in terms of potential accumulations with this event.  Top to bottom: ECMWF, GFS, and Canadian.  Stay tuned, we’ll have another update later!  Enjoy your day!

ECMWFGFScmc_snow_acc_east_24

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/12/10/snowy-pattern-continues/

Nov 24

Data Suggests Cold Pattern Keeps On Keepin’ On…

As we approach the all-important holiday travel season, I thought it would be nice to review what some of the data suggests in the long range sense.  While nothing is “set in stone” talking about weather 2-3 weeks out, we feel pretty confident in the overall idea of a colder than normal pattern and one that’s also potentially wintry- from a precipitation perspective.  The specifics with each storm will have to be handled as they come.

Let’s look at some of the data.  BTW, I want to give full credit to the awesome model suite that can be found at Weatherbell Analytics for some of these images.  Be sure to check them out at weather bell.com.

First, we’ll take a look at the Canadian ensembles, centered on the 8-16 day period.  Note the tongue of cold coming out of western Canada, extending southeast and encompassing the Ohio Valley region.  Folks, this is significant cold forecast off the Canadian ensembles as temperatures are suggested to average 5-7 degrees (C) below normal.

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The latest GFS ensembles also suggest widespread colder than normal temperatures over the upcoming couple weeks.  Similar to the Canadian (above), the GFS suggests temperatures average 5-7 degrees celsius below normal.

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Latest European ensemble data suggests a cold look as well, but one that also may feature a day or two above normal (over the next couple weeks). The latest ensemble control run highlights the threat of some bitterly cold arctic air plunging south towards the second week of December (posted below).  We’ll continue to monitor this in the days to come.

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Here’s a look at the latest CFSv2. While it’s in stark contrast to only a couple of weeks ago (in its December forecast), the model is now onboard with most other data in forecasting a colder than normal December for our region.

CFSv2.NaT2m.20131124.201312

 

 

 

 

 

 

It has to be pointed out that all of the cold data is forecast during a time where the three “major” teleconnections really aren’t in the most ideal spots for eastern cold.  Typically, cold lovers across the eastern United States want a negative AO and NAO with a positive PNA. The NAO and AO are forecast to be very “sporadic” over the course of the upcoming 7-10 days while the PNA is forecast to go back negative.  That said, the NAO has the biggest influence on our weather from January through March (we’ve covered this in posts in the archives).  The expansive early season snow and ice pack through western Canada is having it’s say with a couple of early season “brutal” cold shots here (it’s very rare to get this kind of cold so early in the season).  We’ll continue to monitor these teleconnections moving forward for any sort of a more defined signal that may begin to come to fruition.

Speaking of snow and ice cover; look at how much more territory across the Lower 48 is covered with snow and ice compared to this date (November 24th) last year.  Impressive, huh?

November 24, 2012 (11.8% covered in snow)

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November 24, 2013 (37.8% covered in snow)

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As we look closer at the near term, there’s a chance of some light snow moving in Monday evening (not a huge deal, but some light accumulations of a dusting to half an inch are possible).  Scattered snow showers will also blow into central Indiana Wednesday as a reinforcing shot of fresh arctic air blows in prior to Thanksgiving.

In the mid range, both the GFS and European ensembles (below) suggest an “intriguing” look for the first 10 days of December for the potential of a more widespread winter weather maker.  It’s far too early for details, but with arctic air being supplied into a pattern that looks to have a southern branch beginning to flex it’s muscle, we’ll have to remain on our toes as we go into December…  Here’s wishing you a very happy and healthy Thanksgiving, complete with safe travels!

Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_240gefs_z500anom_nh_65

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/11/24/data-suggests-cold-pattern-keeps-on-keepin-on/

Nov 21

A Closer Look At Thanksgiving Week

Today’s model data continues the theme of a southern and eastern storm for the days surrounding Thanksgiving.  We’ll continue to monitor for any potential shift northwest, but as of now, the trend remains for a “suppressed” storm track.  Here’s a look at the individual GFS ensemble members, off today’s 12z run.  Taken at face value, 3 out of 10 members show some light snow in the air.

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For now, the big story still appears to be the unseasonably cold air around for Thanksgiving.  The ECMWF, Canadian, and American models (GFS and NAM) continue to hammer home the idea of a frigid Thanksgiving ahead (relative to the time of year, of course).  I’m not convinced we won’t have to deal with some light snow next week at some point, but for now, the bigger story still appears to be  impressive early season cold, and this cold pattern isn’t going away anytime soon.

The latest European forecast data illustrates this well.  Note each and every day is well below normal, aside from tomorrow (cold air pushes in tomorrow PM).  This is a snap shot of the average temperature (in degrees C) over the upcoming 10 day period.  The blues, greens, and purples showcase the cold, relative to average.

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/11/21/a-closer-look-at-thanksgiving-week/

Nov 20

Wednesday Evening Video Update: Rain Moving In; Arctic Blast This Weekend

http:/ Tonight’s Video Highlights: We talk rain and amounts for Thursday and Friday. The coldest air of the season and coldest November day in some 13 years is ahead! A…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/11/20/wednesday-evening-video-update-rain-moving-in-arctic-blast-this-weekend/

Nov 05

Two Totally Different Solutions For Next Week!

I wanted to quickly post on two totally different scenarios for next week.  Two of the more powerful forecast models we use to look into the mid-long range are in separate worlds when it comes to the weather pattern the middle to latter part of next week.

Here’s a look at the GFS upper air pattern:

gfs_z500_sig_east_38

Note the eastern ridging which would lead to well above normal temperatures during the middle to latter part of next week (by as much as 10 degrees above average), along with dry conditions.

HOWEVER, here’s a look at the European’s forecast upper air pattern late next week:

ecm_z500_anom_east_11

This would certainly be quite the significant storm for the Northeast, but the implications here are vastly different from that which the GFS shows above.  Instead of warmth and dry conditions, we’d deal with highs in the middle 30s and overnight lows in the lower to middle 20s.  Additionally, we’d also “enjoy” (okay, some folks would “enjoy”) snow showers and snow squalls the middle to latter portion of next week, as noted per the European below, including a lake Michigan connection.

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Needless to say, we have a lot to sort out in the coming days.  We’ll be here to do just that.  Make it a great Tuesday!

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/11/05/two-totally-different-solutions-for-next-week/

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