Category: NAO

Facts Are Facts…

I’m hearing rumblings out there that you can’t get sustained cold across Indiana without a negative Arctic Oscillation (AO) and/ or negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).  I would ask those with that belief to please explain the following:

January temperature anomalies month-to-date show widespread cold (even accounting for the January thaw the past week).

ncep_cfsr_noram_t2m_anom

 

The first two weeks of the month were downright frigid and this was in the face of an AO that was not just positive, but strongly positive.

AO

To take this a step farther, the recent relative warmth has come with a negative AO.

Bottom line is that a ton of drivers are trying to take the wheel this winter.  Admittedly, that makes things incredibly difficult for forecasting- short-term or longer range.  That said, coming out with a “blanket statement” that you can’t have sustained cold without a negative AO or NAO is a flat-out lie and we wanted to address it.  Teleconnections can help many times with coming weather patterns, but not always.  This winter is a prime example of that.

Quick note on the clipper system- all forecast models today have taken the primary impacts (at least from a snow standpoint) north of the immediate region (central Indiana). Heaviest snows are favored across the Great Lakes, extending down into northern IN. We’ll continue to keep a close eye on things…

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2015/01/21/facts-are-facts/

Major Storm Brewing This Weekend, But Details Are Murky…

During the late summer and early autumn months we were trying to look at the big picture and potential drivers in the overall weather pattern for the upcoming winter and openly admitted the challenges that were ahead.  Here we are now into the second half of December and a much colder and snowier-than-average month is a virtual lock at this point.  Furthermore, consider this has all taken place without the presence of a favorable NAO or PNA.  Sometimes you have to look for other drivers in a pattern- in this case, the EPO, as well as a growing early fall snow pack across the border to our north.  Additionally, we made mention of the likelihood of a southeast US ridge periodically making itself known through the winter of ’13-’14.  You can read all of our thoughts posted earlier this fall here, or by clicking the Thoughts On Winter ’13-’14 page above.

As we look ahead towards the upcoming wintry challenge, we’re confident of the overall pattern, but the sensible weather that’ll ensue is still up for great debate.  “Gut” tells me central Indiana will be looking at a rain to freezing rain scenario, but this is far from set in stone, and sometimes forecasters who go simply off their instinct can get burned.  The pattern is one that (once again) will feature a pressing arctic front against resistance from the southeast US ridge.  With this type of scenario, I would advise against looking at each and every individual operational model run, but instead invest time studying the ensembles- an average of several multiple model runs as opposed to just one operational model run.   I can guarantee a variety of wild solutions ahead in the days to come, based off the operational runs. (Heck, just the past 24 hours have been reason enough to have the dramamine on hand :-)).  That said, let’s take a look at the latest GFS and European ensembles, two models that we rely heavily on in the mid range weather pattern.

First, the GFS, valid Saturday through Monday.

f120f144f168

Now, here’s a look at the latest European ensembles (left), again valid Saturday-Monday.

Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_120Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_144 Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_168

So what do all of these cool maps tell us?  Simply put, that “wintry mischief” is brewing for the weekend.  That much we know, but the details have to be ironed out.  It’s likely heavy snow and a significant ice storm looms for some of the Mid West and Ohio Valley for the upcoming weekend.  Is that Indianapolis or Chicago?  Perhaps in between?  It’s too early to know.  Additionally, in the “warmer” sector, heavy rains are likely to combine with an impressive early season snow pack for some to lead to flooding concerns.

A couple of additional items to note. Many times at this stage in the game (still 5+ days out) with this type of pattern, forecast models really struggle with handling low level cold air.  Cold air is very dense and, in this type of set up, can easily drain much further east and south than forecast at this juncture.  Additionally, sometimes the modeling can put too much “umph” into the associated surface wave that moves along the arctic front resulting in a further north track than what may actually occur when the event draws closer.  Just something to keep an eye on as we draw closer…

Needless to say, it’ll be particularly important to keep a close eye on the developing weekend forecast as we move forward.  It’s likely folks in the Ohio Valley region have to deal with significant precipitation amounts in the Saturday-Monday time period, including rain, freezing rain, and snow.

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/12/16/major-storm-brewing-this-weekend-but-details-are-murky/

Data Suggests Cold Pattern Keeps On Keepin’ On…

As we approach the all-important holiday travel season, I thought it would be nice to review what some of the data suggests in the long range sense.  While nothing is “set in stone” talking about weather 2-3 weeks out, we feel pretty confident in the overall idea of a colder than normal pattern and one that’s also potentially wintry- from a precipitation perspective.  The specifics with each storm will have to be handled as they come.

Let’s look at some of the data.  BTW, I want to give full credit to the awesome model suite that can be found at Weatherbell Analytics for some of these images.  Be sure to check them out at weather bell.com.

First, we’ll take a look at the Canadian ensembles, centered on the 8-16 day period.  Note the tongue of cold coming out of western Canada, extending southeast and encompassing the Ohio Valley region.  Folks, this is significant cold forecast off the Canadian ensembles as temperatures are suggested to average 5-7 degrees (C) below normal.

can_t2m_mean_conus_d8_16

 

 

 

 

 

 

The latest GFS ensembles also suggest widespread colder than normal temperatures over the upcoming couple weeks.  Similar to the Canadian (above), the GFS suggests temperatures average 5-7 degrees celsius below normal.

gefs_t2m_mean_noram_d0_16

 

 

 

 

 

 

Latest European ensemble data suggests a cold look as well, but one that also may feature a day or two above normal (over the next couple weeks). The latest ensemble control run highlights the threat of some bitterly cold arctic air plunging south towards the second week of December (posted below).  We’ll continue to monitor this in the days to come.

eps_t850a_c_nh_57

 

 

 

 

 

 

Here’s a look at the latest CFSv2. While it’s in stark contrast to only a couple of weeks ago (in its December forecast), the model is now onboard with most other data in forecasting a colder than normal December for our region.

CFSv2.NaT2m.20131124.201312

 

 

 

 

 

 

It has to be pointed out that all of the cold data is forecast during a time where the three “major” teleconnections really aren’t in the most ideal spots for eastern cold.  Typically, cold lovers across the eastern United States want a negative AO and NAO with a positive PNA. The NAO and AO are forecast to be very “sporadic” over the course of the upcoming 7-10 days while the PNA is forecast to go back negative.  That said, the NAO has the biggest influence on our weather from January through March (we’ve covered this in posts in the archives).  The expansive early season snow and ice pack through western Canada is having it’s say with a couple of early season “brutal” cold shots here (it’s very rare to get this kind of cold so early in the season).  We’ll continue to monitor these teleconnections moving forward for any sort of a more defined signal that may begin to come to fruition.

Speaking of snow and ice cover; look at how much more territory across the Lower 48 is covered with snow and ice compared to this date (November 24th) last year.  Impressive, huh?

November 24, 2012 (11.8% covered in snow)

nsm_depth_2012112405_National

November 24, 2013 (37.8% covered in snow)

nsm_depth_2013112405_National

As we look closer at the near term, there’s a chance of some light snow moving in Monday evening (not a huge deal, but some light accumulations of a dusting to half an inch are possible).  Scattered snow showers will also blow into central Indiana Wednesday as a reinforcing shot of fresh arctic air blows in prior to Thanksgiving.

In the mid range, both the GFS and European ensembles (below) suggest an “intriguing” look for the first 10 days of December for the potential of a more widespread winter weather maker.  It’s far too early for details, but with arctic air being supplied into a pattern that looks to have a southern branch beginning to flex it’s muscle, we’ll have to remain on our toes as we go into December…  Here’s wishing you a very happy and healthy Thanksgiving, complete with safe travels!

Geopotential32at32500hPa_North32America_240gefs_z500anom_nh_65

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/11/24/data-suggests-cold-pattern-keeps-on-keepin-on/

Pattern Showing Signs Of More Sustained Wintry Weather?

As we progress into the second half of November and December, friends and family begin to hit the road for holiday travel.  It’s also at this time where winter weather enthusiasts begin to wonder when that first “true winter storm” will arrive.  As we look towards this period, it becomes more important to note the state of the “big three” teleconnections.  These include the PNA (Pacific North America pattern), NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation), and AO (Arctic Oscillation).  While it’s impossible to predict, with 100% certainty, the weather based solely off these teleconnections, they can be very good indicators of where the pattern may be heading in the next couple three weeks.

In a “perfect world” for those wanting cold and wintry weather here across the Hoosier state you want to see a positive PNA, which promotes western ridging and eastern troughiness (associated with cold weather).  Additionally, you want to see a negative AO and NAO (promotes high latitude blocking and corresponding cold, arctic, air is shunted south into the Lower 48).  What do the teleconnections currently show?

ao.fcst

 

 

 

 

pna.fcst

 

 

 

 

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Taken at face value, this suggests a cold and potentially wintry pattern may ensue to close out November and as we go into December.  We’re looking at an AO and NAO trending negative and a PNA trending positive.  *It should be noted that, at times, a negative NAO can be so strong that it supplies the cold air, but can also lead to a suppressed storm track- south of the available cold air…

Each storm provides it’s own set of challenges and must be dealt with as they come. We can look at past storms and patterns (called analog forecasting) to help get an “idea” as to what patterns and storms in front of us may produce, but no storm is identical to the other.  At this early stage in the game, it appears as if a pattern is setting up that could provide “wintry mischief” just at the time when most folks want it- for the Thanksgiving and Christmas season.

Stay tuned…

Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/11/12/pattern-showing-signs-of-more-sustained-wintry-weather/

A Look Ahead: Sunday Evening Rambles

It’s been a relaxing weekend here at IndyWx.com headquarters, complete with lots of time visiting with family and friends, and enjoying what’s truly important in this life. Auburn was off…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/09/29/a-look-ahead-sunday-evening-rambles/

Thursday Forecast: Overall Warm Pattern Continues

Updated 09.25.13 @ 4:48p Zionsville, IN Our overall warm pattern will continue through the upcoming period. Unfortunately, we’re talking about a rather dry time of things, as well! Dry &…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/09/25/thursday-forecast-overall-warm-pattern-continues/

September: A Look Where We’ve Been & Where We May Be Going…

Ah, September in Indiana… September is typically a month that features wild temperature swings. The fleeting days of summer still have just enough ‘umph left to provide a couple more…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/09/17/september-a-look-where-weve-been-where-we-may-be-going/

Teleconnections Mean More At Different Times Of The Year

In the weather community you hear certain terminology being thrown around frequently. If you’re heavily into reading about or keeping up with the weather then I’m sure you’ve heard terms…

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Permanent link to this article: https://indywx.com/2013/09/07/teleconnections-mean-more-at-different-times-of-the-year/

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